Madisonburg is a census-designated place in Centre County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is part of the State College, Pennsylvania Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 135 at the 2000 census. The thing that will tell you that you are in Madisonburg is the Post Office at the end of its main road. Madisonburg apartments for rent comparison page shows most up to date rent information on Madisonburg apartments and houses. Rent information is obtained from multiple rental sources but we cannot guarantee their accuracy.